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Introduction of wet processing for woven fabric


Flow chart of wet processing for woven fabric:



                                                  Grey fabric inspection

                                                    Brushing & Shearing
                                                 
                                                          Singeing

                                                             Desizing

                                                            Scouring

                                                            Bleaching
            
                                                          Mercerizing
 


                                            Dyeing                   Printing

                                                                               
                                                                       Finishing

Wet processing: The process where textile materials or goods are treated with water, chemical and dyes tuffs by wetting.

Brushing: The straightening of projecting or protruding fibers & thread ends from fabric surface is called Brushing.
Shearing: to shear

Singeing: To eliminate the fiber or thread ends, knots from the fabric surface by gas burner or electric heater.
-To remove the short fiber ends.
-To remove the threads ends or short fiber.
-To make the fabric surface smooth.
-To reduce the development of hairness and pilling during further processing

De-Sizing: De-Sizing is done in order to remove the sizing materials from the warp yarn of the woven fabric.
-To remove the starch materials from the fabric.
-To increase absorbency power.
-To increase the affinity of the fabric to the dye chemicals.
-To make the fabric suitable for the next process.
-To increase the luster of the fabric for dyeing & printing.

Scouring: The process moving natural (oil, wax, fats, gum etc ) as well as added impurities (during fabrication process) to produce hydrophilic & clean textile materials is called scouring.
-To make the fabric highly hydrophilic.
-To produce clean materials.
-To remove the impurities from the textile materials.

Bleaching: To remove destruct natural coloring matters by using oxidizing/reducing agent for the whiteness of fabric.
-light, increasing absorbency, increase dye affinity of fabric, softness.
-To increase the dye affinity
-To accelerate the next dyeing process.

Mercerization: The treatment of cotton / cellulose based fabric with strong alkali (NaOH,KOH) under tension to increase the strength, luster & absorbency of fabric is called Mercerization.

Note: Cellulose based textile materials are treated by alkali media in wet processing.
           Protein based textile materials are treated by acid media.
Because of their OH group.

Dyeing: The process by which a textile materials is to be changed physically or chemically so that it looks mono uniform colored is called dyeing.
-To textile goods or materials are dyes uniformity with single color.
-To increase the attractiveness of fabric /textile materials.
-To make the fabric/textile materials suitable for various uses.
-To make the fabric/textile materials suitable for decorative purpose.

Dye: Dye is a complex compound which is applied in the textile materials represented to color & contains chorophore & ouxochrome group in its chemical structure.

Printing: The process in which different types of colors are used to make a particular design on the textile goods is called printing.
After printing process steaming & curing process will apply on fabric. 
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